Expression Of Type Iv Collagen And Connective Tissue Growth Factor In Diabetic Nephropathy Treated With Fenugreek In Strptoztocin Induced Rat Models

Abstract

Background: Diabetes nephropathy (DN) refers to the unique pathological, functional, and structural changes that occur in the kidneys of people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes. It is marked by a steady decrease in kidney function and persistent albuminuria. Extra cellular mesangial accumulation (ECM) and oxidative stress plays important role in progression of diabetic nephropathy. Expression of type IV collagen and connective tissues growth factor are the important predictors of ECM accumulation and oxidative stress among DN patients. Fenugreek have been identified with anti-diabetic, hypocholesterolemic, and antioxidant effects. Hence this study was conducted with the aim of studying the impact of fenugreek on these two predictors. Methods: Wister albino rats have been used to elicit diabetes using streptozotocin. A blood glucose level of more than 250 mg./dl were marked as diabetic rats. Control group, diabetic control rats and diabetic rats treated with as dose of 9 g seed powder/kg were made with each group containing 4 rats. The study period was 12 weeks. Blood glucose was measured using one touch test strip, kidney weight/body weight was measured, histological examination by electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry was used for identifying the expression of type iv collagen and CTGF both quantitatively and qualitatively. Results: A total of 12 rats were included in the study, 4 rats were taken as control group. Among the established diabetes rats, 4 rats were taken as diabetic control rats and another 4 rats were taken fenugreek treated diabetic rats. There was a significant regulation in the expression of type iv collagen and CTGF in both histological examination and immunohistochemistry. Conclusion: The present study has proven that fenugreek has its properties of controlling both ECM accumulation and also the development of oxidative stress in glomeruli.