Navigating Challenges: Sociological and Psychological Barriers to Women's Sports Participation in Punjab

Abstract

This comparative study explores the sociological and psychological barriers that restrict women's participation in sports within two key regions of Punjab: Doaba and Malwa. Through a self-constructed questionnaire, data were collected from 200 respondents, revealing region-specific challenges tied to cultural norms, family roles, societal judgments, and psychological stress. Key findings suggest that while both regions experience significant barriers, the intensity and nature of these obstacles vary, indicating the need for tailored solutions to enhance women's sports participation.

An effective way to look at the challenges women face in participating in sports in Punjab is through a socio-cultural and policy-focused lens. This view brings attention to both the broader societal norms and family expectations that limit women’s roles, as well as the individual struggles that arise from these restrictions. Traditional beliefs often place women in domestic roles, making sports seem out of place for them and limiting their opportunities.

A policy-focused angle also sheds light on the importance of government and community programs in encouraging women’s sports participation. For example, programs that provide sports facilities, training, scholarships, and mentorship for girls could help open doors for more women to get involved in sports. These initiatives can help address the financial and resource-based barriers that many families face, especially when sports opportunities for girls are limited.

On the psychological side, women often encounter internal barriers like fear of judgment, low self-confidence, and limited belief in their abilities. These feelings can be intensified in environments where female athletes are seen as going against cultural norms. By understanding how these societal expectations influence personal beliefs, this view shows how individual mindsets are shaped by community standards.

This combined perspective suggests practical solutions for addressing the issue, such as policy changes, community outreach, and individual support. These efforts can help reduce the barriers stopping women from participating in sports and build a more welcoming environment for female athletes in Punjab.