The novel relationship between some hematological, immunological and coagulation factors in patients with hyperlipidemic coronary artery ectasia and control group (case control study) : Prevention is better than treatment

Abstract

Background: Ectasia of coronary artery (CAE) is defined as ectatic segment diameter of the vein one and half times been larger as in comparison  to an neighboring good health artery. When the MPV is increase in cardiac disease with atherosclerosis, especially in infarction of heart , it might reflect platelet reactivity, [14]. The platelet counts and MPV, c-reactive protein (high sensitivity) (Hs-CRP) in addition tp interleukin-6 (IL-6) might have an  association with diseases pathophysiology and subsequent inflammation. In our study we want  to inspect a cost effect parameters comparatively and routinely existing inflammatory marker, that is IL-6 , Hs-CRP , PDW,  MPV and MPV/PLT in patients with CAE.

Patients and Methods: A number of 80 patients who had hyperlipidemic CAE and 80 apparently healthy control were included in this study during period between January 2022 and May 2024 who consulted Al-Rabea Cardiac Center in Nassiryia Province and Al-Sulaymania Cardiac Center for coronary angiography and percutaneous cardiac intervention. Assessment of the white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit, platelet counts and MPV, Hs-CRP and IL-6 ,PDW & MPV/PLT, in hperlipidemic patients with CAE and compared to appearntly healthy control group in case control study.

Results: It was found that there is no significant changes in relation to white blood cells, hemoglobin, hematocrit and platelet counts in hyperlipidemic patients (9.05 ± 1.77; 12.72 ± 1.93 ; 43.72 ± 4.66 & 254.82 ± 45.22 ) in comparison to control group (8.32 ± 1.88 ; 12.22±  1.88 ; 42.54 ± 4.12 & 285.63 ± 39.88 ) respectively (P value > 0.05). Also this study showed that there was significant relationship in regard to hs-CRP , IL-6, PDW % MPV, MPV/Plt in hperlipidemic patients (2.3 ± 0.5; 6.11 +/- 2.46; 19.82 ± 1.66; 19.82 ± 1.66; 8.99 ± 1.28 &0.03±0.0 ) and control group (0.8 ± 0.3; 4.22 +/- 0.64; 17.92 ± 2.43; 7.41 ± 0.76 &0.02 ± 0.02 ) respectively ( P value < 0.05)

Conclusions: We can conclude from this study,  the MPV ,PDW and MPV/Platelts ratio hs-CRP and IL-6 might use as a helpful easily available not expensive laboratory biomarker for screening and follow up of patients with CAD patients with hyperlidemia for risk of development of CAE  as these parameters might reflect increased platelet activation and aggregation and subsequent CAE and thrombus formation and these parameters may carry further practical therapeutic implications