Assessment of certain plant extracts' antibacterial efficacy in reducing urinary tract infections

Abstract

Background  and Objective: Urinary tract infections are infection that requires continuous treatment. Therefore, bacterial isolates have become resistant to a group of antibiotics, so alternative natural methods like plant extracts  has become important. This study aim to study the effective of some plant extracts as clove against resistant bacterial isolates.

Methods: 90 urine samples were taken from patients where 75 had urinary tract infections, and 15 were negative. All the isolates were identified according to Bergey's Manual of Determinative Bacteriology, various antibiotics were used in the experiment. Plant extracts were tested against clinical bacterial isolates, protein analysis for bacteria were performed. The effective material were identified.

Results: The most common bacteria in clinical samples were E. coli (40%), followed by     P. mirabilis, K. pneumoniae, S. saprophyticus, and P. aeruginosa. Ofloxacin has 52% sensitivity against isolated pathogenic bacteria, followed by amikacin, azithromycin, chloramphenicol and norfloxacin, on other hand Penicillin-G was 100.0% resistant to isolated pathogenic bacteria, followed by ampicillin and cefotaxime sodium. The extracts of cloves, rosemary, mint, hibiscus, thyme and cinnamon inhibited extremely resistant microorganisms. There is synergism between the combination of clove extract and antibiotics ofloxacin and amikacin. Bacterial isolates proteins with control and ofloxacin clove extract stress have unique resistance protein domains.

 Conclusion:  The diversity of plant extracts and their effectiveness provide new hope for treating urinary tract infections, which provides continuous protection from antibiotic-resistant bacteria.