Mental Health and Social Media: A Double-Edged Sword in the Digital Age

Abstract

 
The global proliferation of social media platforms has dramatically reshaped interpersonal communication, identity formation, and self-expression, especially among younger generations. While these digital spaces offer unprecedented opportunities for community building, support, and access to mental health resources, they also present unique psychological challenges. The constant connectivity and curated portrayals of others’ lives can intensify feelings of isolation, inadequacy, and anxiety. This review critically examines current literature on the bidirectional relationship between social media use and mental health outcomes, exploring both the positive and negative dimensions. Key factors, including the frequency and type of use, user susceptibility, content exposure, and platform design, are discussed. Evidence-based strategies are highlighted to promote healthier online behaviors, mitigate risks, and encourage platforms and policymakers to adopt more user-centered approaches. Ultimately, understanding the nuanced interplay between social media and mental health is essential to maximizing its benefits and minimizing harm in the digital age.