Patient Safety Behavior Among Nurses and Its Related Factors in Intensive Care Units: A Scoping Review

Abstract

Objective: This review explores the patient safety behaviors demonstrated by the Intensive Care Unit’s nurse and the various factors that influence these behaviors.

Material and Methods: This review is based on Arksey and O'Malley's framework and utilizes PRISMA-ScR to provide a clear and transparent report. Article searches were conducted without time limits through the EBSCO, PubMed, Scopus, Taylor and Francis databases, and the Google Scholar search engine. A thematic analysis was performed to discern the primary findings within the literature.

Results: Nine studies analyzed in this review have identified several factors influencing the patient safety behavior of ICU nurses. These factors are categorized into six groups: demographics, individual factors, education and training, colleague relationships, environment, and patient condition. Each factor's significance is indicated by a p-value. The level of good behavior is still relatively low ranging from 30% to 42.8%.

Conclusion: Knowledge, motivation, work experience, educational qualifications, and safety climate are factors that influence behavior. Further research is recommended to explore the levels of knowledge, motivation, and safety climate among ICU nurses. By identifying these factors, nurses can develop targeted programs to improve their practices and enhance patient safety.