Neuroprotective Effect of Valeric Acid in Combination with Piracetam and Rivastigmine by Evaluating the Expression of Caspase 3 in Alzheimer’s Disease Induced Rats

Abstract

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is associated with neuronal death, where caspases, especially Caspase-3, play a key role in apoptosis and neurodegeneration.

Objective: This study evaluates the neuroprotective effects of valeric acid in combination with piracetam and rivastigmine by analyzing Caspase-3 expression in AD-induced rats.

Methods: Forty-two male Wistar albino rats were divided into seven groups. Alzheimer’s disease was induced using aluminum chloride (AlCl3), followed by treatment with valeric acid, piracetam, or rivastigmine. Caspase-3 expression in the hippocampus was evaluated using immunohistochemistry.

Results: Rats treated with a combination of valeric acid and either piracetam or rivastigmine showed reduced Caspase-3 expression in the hippocampus compared to those treated with individual drugs.

Conclusion: Valeric acid, when combined with piracetam or rivastigmine, exhibits neuroprotective effects by reducing Caspase-3 expression, making it a potential therapeutic option for Alzheimer’s disease.