Study Of Immunochemical Marker (Pd-L1) In Colorectal Cancers And Its Correlation With Clinicopathological Features In Teritary Care Centre

Abstract

Abstract
This study aimed to evaluate PD-L1 expression in colorectal adenocarcinoma and its correlation with clinicopathological parameters. A prospective diagnostic analysis was conducted at the Department of Pathology, SBMCH, Chennai, between March and October 2021, including 48 histopathologically confirmed cases of colorectal adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) for PD-L1 was performed, and the Immunohistochemistry Score (IHS) was calculated based on staining intensity and the percentage of positive tumor cells. The majority of patients were aged 51–70 years (54.2%) with a slight male predominance (52.1%). Rectal involvement was most common (50%), and tumors were predominantly 2–5 cm in size (58.3%) and of low-grade histology (75%). PD-L1 positivity (IHS ≥ 3) was observed in 37.5% of cases, with 22.9% showing high expression (>50%). Mild to moderate staining intensity was predominant among positive cases. Although higher PD-L1 expression correlated with low-grade histology, the association lacked statistical significance (p > 0.05). These findings suggest that PD-L1 expression may serve as a potential biomarker for colorectal adenocarcinoma, warranting further research to establish its prognostic and therapeutic implications.