In Vitro Antimicrobial Activity and Phytochemical Analysis of Costusigneus Leaf and Bulb
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Abstract
The present study has been carried out to estimate the qualitative analysis of the secondary metabolites from Costusigneus plant parts i.e. leaf and bulb using thin layer chromatography. Two different extracts (chloroform and methanol) of bulb and leaf were used to examine anti-bacterial activity against Gram positive bacteria like Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus and Gram negative bacteria Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa by agar well diffusion method and antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger, Penicilliumchrysogenum and Fusarium moniliform. The presence of quercetin (flavonoid) in both bulb and leaf was confirmed withRfvalues of 0.77 and 0.79, respectively whereas Kaemferol was detected in leaf withRf 0.86 value. As phytosterol compounds, stigmasterol was identified in both leaf (Rf 0.80) and bulb (Rf 0.81) and campestrol(Rf0.30) was detected only in leaf. Diosgenin, a steroidal sapogenin was identified only in leaf with 0.56 Rfvalue. As compared to chloroform extract, methanol leaf extract gave better results against all studied bacteriaespecially against P. aeruginosa bacteria (15 mm) at higher concentration. In case of chloroform extract of bulb, the most prominent activity was observed against E. coli with an inhibition zone of 14 mm, whereas methanol extract was most efficient against P. aeruginosa (16mm).Both extracts of bulb and leaf showed prominent anti-fungal activity against studied fungal pathogens, but maximum inhibition zone (17mm) was observed against P. chrysogenumwithchloroform bulb extract, followed by 16 mm inhibition zone was determined with chloroform leaf extract against F. moniliforme. Overall, the finding results concluded that Costusigneus has several bio-active compounds that play significant role in its therapeutic potential, especially in anti-microbial activity.