Study Of Clinical Profile, 2d Echo Evaluation And Serum Nt Pro Bnp Levels In Patients Diagnosed With Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction

Abstract

Introduction: Heart failure is a complex clinical syndrome that results from any structural or functional impairment of ventricular filling or ejection of blood leading to cardinal manifestations of dyspnea, fatigue, and fluid retention. Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) denotes the signs and symptoms of clinical heart failure  in a patient with a normal LVEF(>50%) and LV diastolic dysfunction. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is a natriuretic hormone initially identified in the brain but released primarily from the heart, particularly the ventricles. The release of NT Pro BNP is increased in heart failure (HF), as ventricular cells are recruited to secrete BNP in response to the high ventricular filling pressures. This study was conducted with aim of evaluating clinical profile, 2D echo cardiography and to assess the serum NT PRO BNP values among patients with HFpEF.

Materials: An observational cross sectional study was conducted in tertiary care medical college situated in South India. The study period was between December 2023 and May 2024. A semi structured questionnaire for was used to collect clinical profile. Also, 2D echo cardiography was performed and serum NT pro BNP levels was measured. Data was entered in MS Excel and analyzed using SPSS Software version 26. Descriptive statistics was used to present the results.

Results: A total of 50 study subjects were included in the study. The mean age of the study participants was 61.45±12.36 years. More than 3/5^th of the participants were females. Nearly half (48%) of them were in grade 2 diastolic dysfunction. The proportion of NT pro BNP levels are significantly elevated in HFpEF.

Conclusion: our study showed higher serum NT pro BNP level with majority of grade 2 diastolic dysfunction. Further exploration is needed in HFpEF with analytical research.