PHARMACOLOGICAL EVALUATION OF GUAVA TENDER LEAVES EXTRACT IN CONTROLLING DIABETES-RELATED HYPERGLYCEMIA AND DYSLIPIDEMIA

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The antidiabetic and antioxidant qualities of a methanolic extract from Psidium guajava tender leaves (PGTL-M) were examined in rats with diabetes caused by streptozotocin. PGTL-M at 100 mg/kg, PGTL-M at 200 mg/kg, normal control, diabetic control, and a group treated with Glibenclamide at 5 mg/kg were the five groups of adult male Wistar rats. A single 50 mg/kg dosage of streptozotocin was used to produce diabetes, and the patients were managed for 30 days. Blood glucose levels, lipid profiles, and oxidative stress indicators including reduced glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) were assessed. Pancreatic tissue was also subjected to histological examination. The results showed that the 200 mg/kg dosage of PGTL-M was more successful in reducing blood glucose levels than the 100 mg/kg dose. Lipid profiles improved as total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides (TG) dropped and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) rose. Higher levels of CAT, SOD, and GSH, as well as lower levels of TBARS, which indicate less oxidative stress, demonstrated improved antioxidant defences. Pancreatic beta cells significantly recovered at the 200 mg/kg dose, according to histological examination. To sum up, PGTL-M showed dose-dependent antioxidant and antidiabetic effects, indicating that it may be used therapeutically to treat diabetes and its consequences.