Decoding Palmar Dermatoglyphic Traits in Cerebral Palsy: A Quantitative Perspective

Abstract

Background: Congenital defects and genetic illnesses, such as cerebral palsy (CP), are among the ailments that present significant health risks. Recent research indicates that genetic factors play a key role in the presentation of cerebral palsy (CP), with estimates of half of cases possibly having a hereditary foundation. The study of the distinct ridge patterns on the palm and sole skin is known as dermatoglyphics, and it has been shown to be a possible biomarker for a number of congenital and developmental diseases. Through the examination of these characteristics, the study aims to advance knowledge of the genetic basis of cerebral palsy and its consequences for early detection and treatment. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional method was used in this study to assess palmar dermatoglyphics in cerebral palsy (CP) patients. In order to account for dermatoglyphic variances, a total of 136 participants were included, including 68 people with CP and 68 phenotypically healthy controls that were matched for gender. The subjects' palmar scans were taken using a Canon LiDE 300 flatbed scanner. The Angulus classic mobile application was utilised to measure the 'atd' angle, which is created by joining the triradii ‘a’, ‘t’, and ‘d’. In order to evaluate ridge patterns, a-b ridge counts were also carried out using the Cummins and Midlo method. The quantitative variables (a-b ridge counts and ‘atd’ angles) were compared between groups using independent t-tests in the statistical analysis, a p-value of less than 0.05 was deemed statistically significant. Results: Upon analysis, the a-b ridge counts as well as the ‘atd’ angles of both the hands were found to be statistically significantly lower in the case (CP) group as compared to the controls. These results strengthen the fact that the genetics has a role in the presentation of CP and the dermatoglyphic traits may be used as a biomarker in the screening and diagnosis of genetic diseases which may lead to better prognosis.