Outcomes Of Cochlear Implantation In Patients With Severe Hearing Loss

Abstract

Background:  People who experience advanced sensorineural hearing loss face severe problems with their speech communications while simultaneously struggling with their emotional state and personal life quality. Hearing implant technology through cochlear implantation enables deaf patients who fail to respond to traditional hearing devices to experience sound perceptions and improve speech comprehension. Multiple research findings demonstrate the success rate of cochlear implant treatments although results can differ based on patient age groups and length of deafness as well as mental capabilities and therapy loyalty. The evaluation of long-term outcomes based on real-world data plays a vital role in identifying complete cochlear implant advantages and selecting appropriate patients for suggested counseling about realistic results.

Objectives: To assess auditory, speech perception, and quality-of-life outcomes in adults with severe hearing loss following cochlear implantation, and to identify potential predictors of postoperative success.

Study design:  A Retrospective Cohort Study.

Place and duration of study. Department of ENT Alkhidmat hospital Nishterabad Peshawar from Feb 2023 to Feb 2024

Methods: Adult patients experiencing severe bilateral sensorineural hearing loss received cochlear implantation treatment at a tertiary care center Department of ENT Alkhidmat hospital Nishterabad Peshawar from Feb 2023 to Feb 2024.The study collected pre-operative alongside post-operative data points that included speech perception scores together with audiological thresholds and patient-reported outcome scores through established questionnaires. The analysis included paired t-tests and linear regression as statistical methods. A predictive analysis studied demographic factors including subject age and deafness duration as well as health conditions about the final results.

Results: The study included analysis involving 150 patients. The patients implanted with newborns received an average age of 52.6 years with a standard deviation of 14.3 years. The majority (60%) were male. Participants achieved important improvements in speech recognition scores which increased substantially from the baseline of 24.5% to 68.2% following surgery (p < 0.001). The participants demonstrated an average enhanced pure-tone threshold from 85.2 dB initial value to 30.6 dB (p < 0.001). Research results showed that patients experienced substantial improvements in their emotional, social, and communicative functioning domains (p < 0.01). The duration between implant placement and patients' deafness period correlated with their postoperative outcomes.

Conclusion: Ambulatory patients with profound hearing difficulties experience meaningful advancements in their hearing system together with superior quality-of-life benefits after cochlear implant surgery. The achievement of maximum results depends on prompt identification and immediate surgical intervention methods. The research evidence confirms cochlear implantation as an important element in complete hearing loss treatment approaches. Post-implantation rehabilitation continues throughout time to create ideal performance results in functional domains.