Association Of Thyroid Autoimmunity And Lipid Profile In Hypothyroidism: A Cross-Sectional Study
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Abstract
Introduction: Hypothyroidism is a common endocrine disorder worldwide. In India, one in ten persons suffers from thyroid diseases, with hypothyroidism being the most frequent type. One of the recurring problems linked to thyroid disorders is hyperlipidemia, which may be significantly influenced by autoimmunity.Studies on the prevalence of hypothyroidism in different geographical territories of India are sparse.Aim: To investigate the association between Thyroid Peroxidase Antibody (anti-TPO) and serum lipid parameters among patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism.
Materials and Methods: In total, 380 individuals of both sexes attending the outpatient department (OPD) of HNB Base Teaching hospital Srinagar Garhwal Uttarakhand, with varied symptoms were screened for thyroid-function test (TFT) levels. The age of the study participants ranged from 18 to 65 years. All patients underwent estimation of thyroid function parameters such as free triiodothyronine (FT3), free thyroxine (FT4), and ThyroidStimulating Hormone (TSH), as well as anti-TPO levels and selected lipid profile parameters such as Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglycerides (TG), High-Density Lipoproteins (HDL), and Low-Density Lipoproteins (LDL). The association between anti-TPO and lipid levels was further analyzed. Statistical analysis was performed using the Chi-square test.
Results: Among the 187 hypothyroid patients, 136 (72.7%) were females, while only 51 (27.2%) were males. High serum anti TPO antibodies were found in 104 (55.6%) patients, whereas normal Anti-TPO cases accounted for 83 (44.3%). The total serum cholesterol, with a mean of 218.2± 60.2mg/dL, serum LDL, with 140.6 ± 55.9mg/dL, andserum TG with a mean of 170.7 ± 72.8mg/dL were significantly raised, whereas serum HDL, with 43.4 ± 6.7, were found to be non-significant.
Conclusion: Hypothyroid patients positive for anti-TPO antibodies are at risk of experiencing disrupted lipid levels. Positive anti-TPO status was significantly correlated with TC, TG, and LDL in the current investigation.