Serum Adiponectin and Indian Diabetes Risk Score: Association with Glycosylated Hemoglobin in Undiagnosed Diabetes and Prediabetes in Uttarakhand Adults
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Abstract
Diabetes and prediabetes are significant public health issues, particularly in India, where their prevalence is rising due to lifestyle changes and genetic factors. The Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) is a practical screening tool that identifies individuals at high risk for diabetes through a simple assessment of key risk factors. Serum adiponectin, an important biomarker, inversely correlates with insulin resistance and obesity, serving as a valuable indicator of metabolic disturbances. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measures long-term glycemic control, aiding in the diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes. Keeping this prospective in mind, a recent study was conducted to assess the association of serum adiponectin and IDRS with HbA1c levels to improve the detection of undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes, enhancing public health strategies and individual health outcomes.
This cross-sectional study evaluated the association of serum adiponectin and the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS) with HbA1c in adults (≥18 years) at the Veer Chandra Singh Garhwali Government Institute of Medical Science and Research, Uttarakhand. Data were collected via a structured questionnaire. IDRS was derived from age, abdominal obesity, family history, and physical activity. Serum adiponectin and HbA1c levels were measured using standard laboratory methods. Statistical analyses included Pearson correlation and logistic regression to assess associations.
Our findings revealed a significant negative correlation between serum adiponectin levels and HbA1c (r = -0.148, p = 0.001), indicating that lower adiponectin is associated with poorer glycemic control. Additionally, higher IDRS scores were significantly correlated with elevated HbA1c levels (p < 0.005), highlighting the IDRS's effectiveness in identifying individuals at risk for diabetes. The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was notably higher in participants with elevated IDRS scores, emphasizing the importance of both serum adiponectin and IDRS in early diabetes detection and intervention strategies.
Conclusion:
In summary, this study establishes a significant association between serum adiponectin levels, the Indian Diabetes Risk Score (IDRS), and HbA1c in identifying undiagnosed diabetes and prediabetes. Lower adiponectin concentrations correlate with higher HbA1c levels, indicating impaired glycemic control. The IDRS effectively stratifies individuals by diabetes risk, highlighting its utility in early detection. These findings suggest that integrating serum adiponectin and IDRS into screening protocols can enhance the identification of at-risk populations, facilitating timely interventions to improve metabolic health and prevent diabetes progression.