A Systematic Review Of Digital Health Technology In Preanaesthesia Assessment

Abstract

Abstract:
This systematic review includes a discussion on the transformative impact of digital health technology on anesthesia assessments before surgery, discussing technological advancements recorded in EHRs, telemedicine, mHealth applications, AI, and wearable devices. These newer technologies overcome inefficiencies, provide more personalized approaches, as opposed to the resource-intensive and impersonal methods characterizing traditional practices, and improve patient safety. The methodology consisted of a detailed literature search in the databases of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, strictly limiting publication to those released during the last ten years. It has used specific search terms such as "digital health technology," "preoperative anesthesia assessment," and "wearable devices." The evaluation of the English peer-reviewed literature focused on adult care with digital technologies. The exclusion criteria eliminated conference abstracts, articles in any language that was not English, and studies that had no relation to the core subject. Tools used for quality assessment include Cochrane Risk of Bias Tool and the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale. Data extraction emphasized study characteristics, applied digital tools, measured outcomes, and reported challenges. It was a meta-analysis synthesis of the data that aimed to give insights into current applications and future prospects. This review postulates the points through digital innovations where EHRs have improved decision-making, telemedicine has enhanced access in regard to improvements, mHealth with enhanced patient engagement, and AI for predictive insights to tailor anesthesia plans. Despite challenges like data security and integration of technology, promise comes with future AI algorithmic developments, further work in using genomic data, and advances with wearable tech. Tackling these challenges and working towards the development of better interoperability standards helps bring about the full realization of how such digital technologies are revolutionizing the care of patients throughout the perioperative period and improvements in surgical outcomes.