Nano Siddha medicine: A New Era in Dermatophytosis Treatment- a Review

Abstract

Dermatophytosis, commonly known as ringworm, is a widespread fungal infection that affects the skin, hair, and nails and is caused by dermatophytes (Trichophyton, Microsporum, and Epidermophyton). Traditional treatments rely on topical and systemic antifungal medications, which, despite their efficacy, often have limitations, including side effects and incomplete resolution in some cases. The emergence of Siddha medicine, an ancient traditional healing system from South India, provides an alternative therapeutic approach, especially with the advent of nanoformulations. Nano Siddha medicine utilizes nanotechnology to enhance the delivery, bioavailability, and efficacy of herbal compounds with antifungal properties, such as turmeric (Curcuma longa) and neem (Azadirachta indica). These formulations provide targeted delivery to infected regions, enhanced penetration into the cutaneous layers, and reduced dosage, thereby minimizing adverse effects. Preliminary studies have demonstrated promising antifungal activity, although clinical validation is limited. This review explores the etiology, clinical presentation, and conventional treatments for dermatophytosis, while highlighting the role of nano-Siddha medicine as a novel therapeutic modality. This emphasizes the advantages of nanoformulations, including enhanced bioavailability, sustainability, and reduced side effects, while addressing the current limitations and the need for further research. Integrating traditional knowledge with modern science through nano-Siddha medicine has the potential to revolutionize dermatophytosis management and improve patient outcomes.