EXAMINATIONS OF THE URINE PEPTIDOME AND PROTEOME IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 1 DIAGNOSIS DURING BEGINNING PERIODS

Abstract

Nephropathy and other long-term consequences are common in people with type 1 diabetes (T1D), an autoimmune illness in which the pancreatic beta cells that create insulin are attacked and killed by the body's immune system. Optimal treatment requires early identification of renal involvement. This study intends to find early signals of renal stress and disease progression by evaluating the changes that occur in the urine's peptidome and proteome during the early stages of type 1 diabetes. Researchers studied people with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and healthy controls by analyzing urine samples. Analyzed were alterations in protein and peptide patterns using mass spectrometry-based high-throughput proteomics and peptidomics studies. Results showing unique protein and peptide patterns associated with inflammation, oxidative stress, and early glomerular damage are among the most noteworthy. Several indicators were much higher in the type 1 diabetic group compared to the control group. Among these markers were albumin artifacts, inflammatory peptides, and kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1). These results raise the possibility that urine peptidome and proteome analysis might be a non-invasive strategy for identifying early kidney alterations in type 1 diabetes. The recently discovered biomarkers may prove to be invaluable tools for tracking the development of a disease and directing treatment to forestall its worst-case scenarios. The validity of these results and the scope of their possible therapeutic use need more longitudinal research.High blood sugar levels persist in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) because the immune system attacks the cells that produce insulin. Early diagnosis of molecular changes is crucial for preventing the advancement of complications related to diabetes.