Pediatric Middle Ear Infections Strategies for Prevention, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Abstract

Background: Otitis media, or middle ear infections, are common in children and can lead to hearing impairment if left untreated. Understanding preventive measures, early diagnosis, and appropriate treatment strategies is essential in minimizing its impact.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate various treatment approaches in children with middle ear infections, focusing on recurrence rates and healing periods.

Study Design: A cross-sectional study

Place and Duration of Study: Department of ENT, Tertiary Care Hospital, Peshawar, from June 2023 to January 2024.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 100 children diagnosed with middle ear infections. Treatment options included antibiotic therapy, ear tube placement, or watchful waiting. The study measured recurrence rates, hearing test outcomes, and parent-reported symptom ratings at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post-intervention. Quantitative parameters such as standard deviations and p-values were analyzed to determine the statistical significance of treatment efficacy.

Results: Among the 100 children studied, those treated with antibiotics showed the fastest recovery, with a mean symptom reduction of 40% (95% CI, p < 0.001). The mean symptom reduction difference was 8, with a standard deviation of 5.2. Ear tube placement was associated with the lowest recurrence risk (20%), compared to antibiotics (35%) and watchful waiting (50%), with statistical significance at p < 0.05.

Conclusion: Middle ear infections in children are treatable, and early intervention can significantly reduce recurrence rates. Antibiotic therapy provides rapid symptom relief, while ear tube placement offers the best long-term outcomes. Timely diagnosis and targeted clinical interventions are crucial in effectively managing otitis media.