Novel Transforming Solutions for Implant Success: Determinants of Socket Preservation and Guided Bone Regeneration: A Systematic Literature Review

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Richa Wadhawan, Akansh Datta, Sachin Dev Singh, Bhumika Mittal, Reshama Bansal, Renny Sharma

Abstract

Survival rates besides determining the success of an implant also depend on long-term aesthetic and functional outcomes. Optimal placement would thus require three-dimensional positioning in alignment with the input of the prosthetic, which guides the fixation and stability of the surrounding soft tissues. This review provides information regarding procedures for preparing and preserving existing tissues while augmenting deficient areas with a focus on socket preservation and Guided Bone Regeneration (GBR). An electronic search up to October 2023 was made in a systematic and comprehensive manner on Google Scholar, PubMed, and Scopus following PRISMA guidelines. The results are presented as an updated review of the existing conditions regarding socket preservation and GBR indications, benefits, and limitations. The review points out the difficulties in the placement of implants in areas of severe bone resorption and the need for augmentation procedures such as GBR. In addition, it has outlined critical areas of existing knowledge where research still remains to be done and suggests avenues for further research in these areas. Of equal importance will be the use of socket preservation techniques at the time of immediate post-extraction or early implant placement; this may even decrease interventions later on for augmentation procedures. It simplifies treatment protocols and achieves better results in the general patient population through minimal surgical interventions, and an increase in bone volume and quality before placing an implant.

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