Prevalence And Clinical Profile Of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (Pcos) Among Young Women: An Urban Vs. Rural Comparison

Abstract

Background:

The hormonal condition that affects women between puberty and menopause known as Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) affects numerous women every year. The way patients live together with their eating habits and their place of residence can change how PCOS manifests. The development of localized diagnostic and treatment strategies for young women requires complete knowledge of urban and rural parameters for PCOS prevalence and clinical characteristics.

Objectives:

To establishes how urban women and rural women with ages between 18 and 30 differ in their PCOS incidence rates and presentation of clinical features by using formal diagnostic criteria.

Study design: A prospective study 

Place and duration of study. Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology HMC Peshawar from Sep 2023 to March 2024

Methods:

This study employed stratified random sampling to analyze women within 18–30 years of age from both urban and rural demographics (72 urbans, 48 rural). Patients received PCOS diagnosis by applying the Rotterdam criteria. Studyers obtained data regarding demographics together with clinical features, anthropometry measurements, and hormonal profiles from the study participants. Statistical calculations occurred through SPSS version v26. The Studyers conducted t-tests for analyzing continuous data while Chi-square tests were utilized for categorical data analysis. Statistical significance happened when the p-value became less than 0.05.

Results:

urban and rural women with PCOS numbered 72 and 48 respectively (p=0.004). The examined PCOS patients in urban areas had a mean age of 23.4 ± 2.8 years but rural patients had a mean age of 23.1 ± 2.6 years (p=0.41). Does BMI evaluation reveal urban subjects maintained a mean BMI of 28.2 ± 3.6 kg/m² exceeding the mean BMI of 24.9 ± 3.2 kg/m² recorded from rural participants (p<0.001). Women who resided in urban areas displayed higher rates of menstrual irregularity together with hirsutism and acne than their rural counterparts. The rates of elevated LH to FSH ratios together with fasting insulin levels were both significantly higher in urban women. The rural PCMOS patients presented with less severe symptoms even though they experienced higher levels of psychosocial distress. The unique characteristics of PCOS express differently between women who live in urban areas compared to those who reside in rural locations.

Conclusion:

PCOS incidence combined with clinical characteristics that exist between women who reside in urban areas versus rural areas. Urban women presented a higher occurrence of obesity together with hyperandrogenism and metabolic conditions. The symptoms of PCOS appeared less severe in rural women while their mental health issues might remain unidentified. The observed data emphasizes why area-specific awareness programs, screening tests, and therapy methods for PCOS need development to address diverse clinical characteristics in various locations.