The impact of Thymoquinone obtained from seeds of Nigella sativa, on hepatic and renal function

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Muhammad Jan, Bandar T. Alenezi , Rahma Hamayun, Anshoo Agarwal, Samah Gaafar Alshygi, Elhassan Eltom

Abstract

Introduction: Nigella sativa (habbat al-baraka) is commonly used in different countries for many diseases. It has been proved effective scientifically for the treatment of many ailments. The seeds of this plant have been utilized in various traditional medicine systems across the globe for centuries, treating a wide array of ailments ranging from digestive issues to respiratory conditions. The primary bioactive compound in Nigella sativa is thymoquinone (TQ), which is largely responsible for its medicinal properties. It plays a pivotal role in its therapeutic effects across a range of health issues, making it a subject of ongoing research and interest in the field of complementary medicine


Objectives: To evaluate the effects of thymoquinone on liver enzyme levels (e.g., Serum bilirubin, SGPT, alkaline phosphatase) and overall hepatic function in experimental models.


To investigate the influence of thymoquinone on kidney function markers, including serum creatinine and urea levels.


Methods: Thirty rabbits of local breed, weighing 1-1.5kg were used. Animals were divided into 3 groups 1, 2 & 3. Blood samples were taken from group 1 for liver & kidney function tests as control. Thymoquinone (TQ) 5 mg/kg & 10 mg/kg body weight were administered intraperitoneally for 45 days in groups 2 & 3 respectively. Blood samples were taken & tested for liver & kidney function by relevant kits.  Results obtained were compared with control groups. P values were calculated


Results: The results showed that the P values for both low & high doses on liver & kidney function were non-significant after comparison with the control group showing that both the doses were safe on the above parameters.


Conclusions: The findings from this study indicate that both low and high doses of the tested substance (thymoquinone) demonstrate a non-significant impact on liver and kidney function when compared to the control group. Given that both dosages were well-tolerated and did not lead to significant alterations in liver and kidney function, it can be concluded that the substance is safe for use at the administered doses. Further studies may be warranted to explore long-term effects and potential benefits in different populations, but the current results provide a solid foundation for its continued investigation and application in clinical settings.

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