Establishing baseline standards for blood’s physical characteristics in healthy individuals: a pilot study.

Abstract

Introduction: Blood is a complex biological fluid that plays a critical role in maintaining various physiological functions in the human body. Understanding its physical properties in healthy individuals is crucial for establishing baseline standards, which can be used to interpret clinical findings, improve diagnostic accuracy, and enhance therapeutic interventions. While much is known about the biochemical composition of blood, less attention has been given to the standardization of its key physical properties, such as pH, viscosity, moisture content, specific gravity, and foam formation. This pilot study was designed to standardize these critical physical characteristics of blood in healthy volunteers to provide essential baseline data. Methods: This study involved 30 healthy adult volunteers, selected based on strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure a homogeneous sample. Blood samples were collected under standardized conditions and subjected to laboratory analysis. Key physical properties, including pH, viscosity, moisture content, specific gravity, and foam formation, were measured using validated instruments and protocols. Results: The findings of the study revealed that the blood pH in healthy volunteers ranged from 7.35 to 7.45, consistent with the normal physiological range. Viscosity values averaged at 5.06 cP, with a slight variation between individuals. Specific gravity of the blood samples was stable at approximately 0.9561 across all participants. The moisture content of the blood averaged around 80%, confirming the high water content of the fluid. Foam formation was consistently observed in all samples within minutes of agitation, with the foam demonstrating stability for several minutes. These results provide foundational data for these critical parameters in healthy individuals. Discussion: This pilot study has successfully established standard reference values for important physical characteristics of blood in healthy volunteers. These values will serve as baseline data for future research and clinical applications, particularly in monitoring deviations in blood properties associated with disease states. Conclusion: In conclusion, this study provides valuable reference values for key physical properties of blood in healthy individuals. These findings offer a baseline for clinical and research purposes, supporting the development of more accurate diagnostic techniques and enhancing therapeutic strategies.