Analyzing the Structural and Democratic Implications of Simultaneous Polls on India’s Federal Fabric

Abstract

This paper examines the political and constitutional feasibility of simultaneous elections in India.² With the 23rd Law Commission (2025) and the Kovind Committee (2024) providing a framework for implementation, the debate has shifted from "if" to "how." Drawing on recent legislative developments like the Constitution (129th Amendment) Bill, 2024, this study analyzes the potential centralizing effects of ONOE on regional parties and the "Basic Structure" of the Constitution. While the findings acknowledge administrative efficiency and fiscal savings (estimated up to ₹120 billion), they highlight severe risks to federal autonomy, voter behavior biases, and the challenges of managing "hung assemblies."