Comparison of Muscle Activation and Kinematic Analysis in Narrow-base and Shoulder-width Push-up Variations in Gymnast

Abstract

Push-up exercises have been extensively researched, and their findings are well documented. However, limited scientific data exists regarding the use of traditional shoulder-width push-ups (SWPP) compared to narrow-width push-ups (NWPP) in personal fitness training. This study aimed to compare the electromyography activity and kinetic analysis of the triceps brachii during the performance of both NWPP and SWPP. Method: One healthy male gymnastic participant (age = 25 years, weight = 65 kg) volunteered for this study. The participant performed five repetitions each of narrow-width push-ups (NWPP) and traditional shoulder-width push-ups (SWPP), with variables measured repetitively. Results:The mean peak and normalized electromyography (EMG) values of the triceps brachii were compared between the two exercises. The NWPP elicited higher EMG activity with values of 5.11 ± 1.97 mV and 105.83 ± 18.54 %MVC. In contrast, the SWPP produced EMG values of 3.91 ± 1.36 mV and 74.32 ± 16.9 %MVC. Conclusion: Narrow-width push-ups may be considered a more advanced variation of traditional shoulder-width push-ups, offering a greater challenge and higher triceps activation.