Clinical, Immunological and Molecular Genetic Features of The Overlap of Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

Abstract: The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical picture and features of the immune status in patients with overlap of bronchial asthma and COPD in comparison with patients with isolated asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. During the period 2020-2021, 159 patients were examined. They were divided into 3 groups: the first group of 62 patients with bronchial asthma, the second group of 67 patients with COPD and 30 patients with ACO in the third group. The level of cytokines (IL-4, IL8, TNFa, INFy) was determined by the ELISA method. Genotyping was performed by the HRM-qPCR method. Clinical and anamnestic data, as well as the level of cytokines in each group, were analyzed. Analysis of the cytokine level revealed significant changes in the group of patients with ACO (p≤0.05). Based on the study of the immunological status, the most significant markers (IL-8 and IFNy) were identified. An index for predicting the course of the disease at the intersection of bronchial asthma and COPD has been developed, allowing to predict the course of the disease and the choice of adequate therapy. The heterozygous genotype G6986A of the CYP3A5 gene is a risk prognostic genotype in bronchial asthma and ACO.