Cross sectional study using cariogram for assessment of Caries Risk Profiles in 12-14year School children.
Main Article Content
Abstract
Background
Dental caries remains a significant public health concern worldwide, particularly in children. Identifying high-risk individuals is essential to design preventive strategies tailored to specific needs. The Cariogram model is a useful tool for assessing caries risk profiles based on multiple risk factors. This study aimed to assess caries risk profiles in schoolchildren aged 12-14 years using the Cariogram model.
Materials and Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted among 300 schoolchildren aged 12-14 years from urban and rural areas. Each participant underwent a comprehensive dental examination, including DMFT (Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth) scoring. Caries risk factors, such as diet, plaque scores, fluoride exposure, and socio-economic background, were assessed through questionnaires and clinical examination. Data were entered into the Cariogram software to calculate individual caries risk profiles, categorized as low, moderate, or high risk.
Results
Of the 300 participants, 35% were categorized as high risk, 45% as moderate risk, and 20% as low risk. High-risk children had significantly higher plaque scores and lower fluoride exposure compared to low-risk children (p < 0.05). The most prevalent risk factors associated with higher caries risk were poor oral hygiene, high sugar intake, and low fluoride exposure. There was a significant difference in caries risk profiles between urban and rural children, with urban children displaying a higher prevalence of low-risk profiles.
Conclusion
The Cariogram model effectively identified children at higher risk of dental caries, highlighting the need for targeted preventive measures. Children with high caries risk profiles exhibited specific risk factors such as poor oral hygiene and low fluoride exposure, which require focused interventions. This study underscores the importance of caries risk assessment in early intervention and prevention strategies in school-aged children.