Innovative Therapies In The Fight Against Antimicrobial Resistance Bridging Gaps And Overcoming Barriers

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Dr. Syeda Pakiza Batool, Huma Fatima, Muhammad Zain Ul Abadin, Dr. Jaisingh Rajput MD, Aebel Joseph, Abida, Mohd Imran, Dr. Naveed Hussain

Abstract

Purpose: The objective of this work is to assess and analyses the views of key healthcare staff on the innovative treatments as a tool in the fight against AMR. The current research will identify key determinants including geographic location, professional background and experience level affecting knowledge, attitude and behavioral intentions to utilize AMR treatments among healthcare professionals. Objective: This study aims at exploring the factors that enable and hinder the use of novel AMR therapies, namely bacteriophage therapy, antimicrobial peptides, and CRISPR technology among healthcare workers across the geographic regions and various professions. Methodology: Quantitative research design was used in this study and a total of 190 health care workers including doctors, pharmacists, researchers and policymakers were selected from North America, Europe, Asia and Africa using random stratified sampling techniques. The authors administered the data through an online structured survey which had multiple choice questions and Likert scale. Distribution and association were measured by the Chi-square tests, magnitude of difference among three groups was measured by Kruskal-Wallis H tests, and the difference in two different groups was estimated by Mann-Whitney U tests and ANOVA. Graphic displays including pie charts, violin plots, bar graphs, and histograms have been employed to better understand findings. These graphical displays were useful in showing the trends of the demographic variables with the perception of AMR therapies better than the tables used in data presentation. Results: Substantial variation was established in terms of awareness and confidence regarding novel AMR treatments by the region and profession. Compared to countries in Asia and Africa, the respondents from North America and Europe were more knowledgeable about kinds of therapies including bacteriophage therapy and CRISPR. The Chi-square Test for Independence (χ² = 0. 0462, p = 0. 9772) revealed no statistically significant relationship of profession with level of perceived efficiency of therapies. Performing the Kruskal-Wallis H Test (H = 0. 1430, p = 0. 931), it was found out that there are no significant differences of perceptions between the various experience groups. Thus, based on the Mann-Whitney U Test (U = 1120. 0, p = 0. 9042) there were no significant differences in perceptions in relation to North American and Asian respondent groups. F test using ANOVA (F = 0. 0707, p = 0. 9317) also aspired to the rejection of null hypothesis that mean perceptions of therapy effectiveness of participants are significantly different across experience groups. The graphical analysis provided additional insights: in pie chart the comparative of chi-square statistic to degree of freedom were represented, the Kruskal-Wallis H statistic in violin plot, the Mann-Whitney U test result in bar graph and the frequency distribution of ANOVA statistic in histogram. Practical Implications: The results of the study have shown that more efforts should be placed on educating HC professionals about innovative AMR treatments because some countries can remain unfamiliar with modern AMR therapies. Policy makers should encourage efforts at repeal of bureaucratic hoops and augmentations in research financing, particularly in LMICs, with the intention of facilitating these treatments. It is evident that integration of clinician-researcher-policymaker partnerships is important to counter the challenges that exist with the adoption of advance therapy in different parts of the world. Novelty: To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first that have investigated the views of HCWs regarding innovative AMR therapies through an international lens. Thus, revealing differences between the regional and professional peculiarities, it offers valuable information about the effective use of these therapies in various contexts and emphasizes the importance of educational and policy activities in the planning for the eventual removal of such barriers. Conclusion: The study therefore calls for international partnership, particularized health education, and policy changes to address difficulties that hinders the implementation of novel AMR treatments. Reaching out and reducing inequality in access to healthcare and make sure that all health care workers all over the world are ready to deal with AMR are the critical measures to address the AMR crisis.

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