Patterns of pathomorphological alterations in the respiratory tract segments of experimental animals following exposure to pesticides.

Abstract

Abstract: In the study conducted at the Department of Histology and Biology of the Fergana Medical Institute of Public Health, histopathological methods were employed to analyze the respiratory tissue of rabbits subjected to aeroallergen intoxication with the pesticide Nurinol-D. After one month of experimentation, the animals were euthanized, and their tissues were obtained for analysis. Histological examination was performed on samples from the nasal cavity, trachea, lungs, and tracheobronchial lymph nodes. The results revealed changes in the structure and condition of the rabbits' respiratory tissues, including mucosal edema and hyperemia, infiltration by inflammatory cells, and other pathomorphological alterations. The study also identified the presence of bean-shaped tracheobronchial lymph nodes on both sides of the trachea, characterized by enlarged size and dark brown coloration. Aeroallergenic insecticides have been found to lead to modifications in tracheobronchial lymph nodes manifesting as lymphadenopathy. Cortical growth is observed as a result of active cellular proliferation, which includes adipocytes, and at the same time, the number of immature cellular bureaucracy and mitotic activity decreases. Pathomorphological examination revealed various modifications inside the nasal cavity and tracheal tissues. The nasal cavity showed mucosal edema, hyperemia, dilatation of small blood vessels, hypertrophy of the ciliated epithelium, and an improved number of goblet cells with submucosal infiltration by various inflammatory cells. In the trachea, infiltration of inflammatory cells, reduced density of cilia on the surface of the epithelium and changes in the length of glandular cells were observed, indicating disturbances in access to epithelial exfoliation and glandular function.