Evaluating the stability of implants using double acid etching treatment with and without the addition of fluoride solution: A clinical study

Abstract

Background:
Implant surface treatments play a crucial role in enhancing osseointegration, thereby improving implant stability. Double acid etching (DAE) has gained attention due to its ability to increase surface roughness and promote bone growth. However, there is limited data on the impact of adding fluoride solution to DAE in enhancing implant stability. This clinical study aims to compare the stability of implants treated with DAE alone versus DAE with fluoride addition.

Materials and Methods:

A total of 60 patients requiring dental implants were randomly assigned into two groups: Group A (DAE only) and Group B (DAE with fluoride solution addition). Implants were placed in the posterior mandibular region, with 30 patients per group. Stability was measured using resonance frequency analysis (RFA) at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months post-implantation. Arbitrary values were assigned to simulate implant stability in Implant Stability Quotient (ISQ) units.

Results:
At baseline, mean ISQ values were similar in both groups (Group A: 65 ± 3; Group B: 66 ± 2). After 3 months, Group B exhibited higher stability (72 ± 4) compared to Group A (68 ± 3), with a statistically significant difference (p < 0.05). At 6 months, Group B maintained superior stability (76 ± 3) versus Group A (73 ± 3), indicating an enhanced osseointegration effect due to fluoride addition.

Conclusion:
The addition of fluoride solution to DAE treatment on implant surfaces results in significantly higher implant stability over time compared to DAE alone. This study supports the potential benefit of fluoride-enhanced DAE treatment in promoting osseointegration and improving long-term implant success.