The Prevalence and Molecular Detection of the Main Bacterial Pathogens among Patients with Chronic Otitis Media with Effusion

Abstract

Aim: This study investigates the diagnosis of chronic otitis media bacterial infection using molecular methods that are difficult to culture and conventional culture methods.

Methodology: 110 clinical specimens (ear discharge) and healthy control were gathered from individuals suffering from persistent otitis media (COMCOM) with effusion, with 46 (41.8%) females and 64 (58.2%) males. All samples had their DNADNA extracted to identify the bacterium. Out of the 110 ear exudate samples that were analyzed, 23(20.9%) specimens included bacterial pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa (no=17, 15.5%) and Staphylococcus aureus (no=6, 5.5%) diagnosed by VITEKVITEK 2 Compact.

Results: The presence of the primers at the precise nucleotide positions in the 16S rRNA genes (H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae) was detected by PCR. Every sample of extracted DNADNA was included in the PCR reaction. PCR was used to identify isolates of 16 M. catarrhalis (14.5%), 6 S. pneumoniae (5.5%), and 4 H. influenzae (3.6%) from 110 OME samples—outcomes of PCR and traditional culture for 110 OME samples from COMCOM patients. According to the current data, P. aeruginosa (17/49; 34.69%) and M. catarrhalis (16/49; 32.65%) were the most common species, whereas Haemophilus influenzae (4/49; 8.16%) had the lowest prevalence rate.

Conclusion: P. aeruginosa and M. catarrhalis were found in COMCOM patients at high frequencies, and molecular Identification of bacterial infections that are difficult to diagnose by conventional culture methods was empathetic.