Intelectin-1 And Malondialdehyde Levels In Type 2 Diabetic Mellitus Patients With Different Stages Of Periodontitis

Abstract

Background: periodontitis and diabetes mellitus are two of the most common chronic non communicable diseases, with a bidirectional relationship that exacerbates both conditions. intelectin-1 is an anti-inflammatory adipocytokine produced primarily by visceral adipose tissue, Malondialdehyde (MDA) is a byproduct of lipid peroxidation and serves as a marker for oxidative stress in the body.

Aim  of  the present study: To assess the  salivary levels of omentin-1 and malondialdehyde  in diabetic patients with varying stages of periodontitis compared to a controls group.

Materials  and  methods: One hundred sixty men participated in this study; 32 of them were healthy control groups, while the other 128 men were categorized into four equal groups according to stages of periodontitis (stage-I, stage-II, stage-III, and stage-IV). The clinical periodontal parameters (PPD, CAL, and BOP) were Measured after collecting unstimulated salivary samples from all participants. omentin-1 and malondialdehyde levels in saliva samples were analysis using the enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method.

Results: malondialdehyde (MDA) was maximal in diabetic with periodontitis groups  than healthy controls. The level of MDA is increased when periodontitis progresses to higher stages. stage   I (323.89 ± 99.15), stage II group   (356.74 ± 111.58), stage III group (396.21 ± 105.71), stage IV group    (402.44 ± 84.52),  control group (157.22 ±116.09) in which their salivary levels were the minimal with significant differences among the groups (p=0.000).

intelectin-1 level was higher in healthy controls than diabetic patients with all stages of periodontitis. The level of omentin-1 is decreased when periodontitis progresses to higher stages. stage   I (216.48±121.46), stage II group   (172.90±86.02),  stage III group (146.24±78.48),  stage IV group    (158.05±91.59),   control group (263.17±134.34) in which their levels were the highest with significant differences between the groups (p=0.000).

Conclusion: The oxidative stress marker MDA is increased in diabetic mellitus patients than controls, and when the stage of periodontitis gets worse, while omentin-1 marker is decreased in diabetic mellitus patients than controls when the stage of periodontitis deteriorate.