Comparative Efficacy of Conservative Treatment Versus Percutaneous K-Wire Fixation in Managing Proximal Humerus Fractures Among Elderly Patients

Abstract

Proximal humerus fractures are prevalent among elderly patients, often necessitating tailored management approaches to optimize recovery and quality of life. This study compares the outcomes of conservative treatment and percutaneous K-wire fixation in elderly patients with proximal humerus fractures. A cohort of 120 patients, aged 65 and older, was evaluated over a six-month period, with 60 patients receiving conservative management for non-displaced fractures and 60 undergoing K-wire fixation for displaced fractures. Outcomes were assessed based on pain relief, functional recovery, range of motion, and complication rates, using standardized measures such as the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) score, and Constant-Murley score. The results showed that K-wire fixation provided faster pain relief and superior functional outcomes, with significant improvements in range of motion compared to conservative treatment. While the K-wire group demonstrated an increased risk of minor complications, including pin tract infections, these were manageable and did not adversely affect recovery. Conversely, the conservative group exhibited a higher incidence of malunion in displaced fractures, resulting in functional limitations. The findings indicate that conservative treatment remains effective for non-displaced fractures, while K-wire fixation is preferable for displaced fractures, offering enhanced stability and promoting faster rehabilitation. This study underscores the importance of individualized treatment selection based on fracture type and patient-specific needs to achieve optimal recovery outcomes in elderly patients with proximal humerus fractures.