The Cardiovascular Impact of PCOS: Investigating the Association with Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events (MACE)

Abstract

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common hormonal disorder impacting reproductive and metabolic functions. Thus, present research data shows that women with PCOS are at least as high as those for developing cardiovascular events, thus pointing out a significant knowledge and management deficiency. This systematic review critically reflects on the link between PCOS and MACE to identify risk factors, early warning signs and mechanisms that increase cardiovascular risk among women with the condition. It further analyzes articles regarding cardiovascular events occurring in PCOS in PubMed, Google Scholar and Science Direct and discusses that metabolism and inflammation make women with PCOS more prone to cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction and stroke. They develop atherosclerosis like cardiovascular risk factors as well, that are additionally based on CIMT and other cardiovascular parameters. Many currently available large-scale cross-sectional epidemiologic substantiations have classified PCOS into three phenotypes and it has been suggested that classic PCOS is the most cardiovascular and metabolically risky phenotype of PCOS. Thus, cardiovascular disorders in women with PCOS are influenced by inflammation, insulin resistance, and hormonal imbalances. As PCOS patients are at increased cardiovascular risk, this research highlights that such a condition should be treated significantly by managing both cardiovascular as well as reproductive risks. Therefore, women with PCOS require a comprehensive therapy that aims at both cardiovascular and reproductive organs to have a change in the rate of MACE overall.