Analysis of Risk Factors Influencing The Incidence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) In Elderly Patients In The Berlian Ward Of PHC Hospital Surabaya

Abstract

Introduction: Untreated OSA can lead to long-term health issues such as heart disorders, metabolic system disorders, cognitive impairments, poor sleep quality, nocturia, morning headaches, irritability, and memory disturbances. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a condition commonly found not only in developed countries but also in developing nations. A study reported that nearly 1 billion people worldwide experience OSA, with moderate to severe OSA affecting 425 million adult patients aged 30–69 years.

Objective: To analyze the risk factors for the incidence of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) in elderly patients at PHC Hospital Surabaya.

Methodology: This study is a quantitative research with a descriptive method using a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study consists of 30 OSA patients who underwent polysomnography at PHC Hospital Surabaya. The sample includes OSA patients aged 50-65 years who underwent polysomnography at PHC Hospital Surabaya. Data collection was carried out using the Berlin questionnaire and polysomnography examination. Based on the Chi Square test results using SPSS with a significance level α = 0.05, the obtained p-value was ρ = 0.000. Therefore, since ρ < α, H0 is rejected, indicating that sleeping position factors influence the incidence of OSA in adult patients at PHC Hospital Surabaya.

Findings: This study shows that the majority of respondents with obesity and supine sleeping position are risk factors influencing the incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).