Identifying Contributing Factors To Anemia Among Pregnant Women: Study At A Rural Islamic Hospital

Abstract

Nutrition problems in pregnancy, including anemia and underweight are serious issues in ensuring healthy perinatal and excellent generation. Indonesia, as the fourth most populated country, reported a 27,7% prevalence of anemia during pregnancy by 2023, with 16.9% of pregnant women being at risk of chronic energy deficiency (based on mid upper arm circumference (MUAC) measurement). The incidence of anemia and underweight in pregnant women in Indonesia is still a national priority target. In this article, these factors will be determined as evidence that are expected to become basis for policy on pregnancy especially in vulnerable populations. This study was using Electronic medical records were obtained from the Nyai Ageng Pinatih Islamic Hospital in Gresik, East Java, between January - December 2022. All singleton pregnant women who underwent antenatal care at outpatient clinic were enrolled in this study. Patients with a history of bleeding during pregnancy were excluded. Logistic regression was conducted to examine the correlation between variables and anemia incidence. This study included 963 pregnant women. The incidence of anemia was 29% with the highest proportion in the 20-34 age group. Fourteen percent of pregnant women were identified as being at risk of chronic energy deficiency (MUAC< 23.5 cm), and 11.8% were underweight before pregnancy. The logistic regression analysis result indicated that women with pregnancy interval under 2 years and underweight were significantly associated with anemia during pregnancy.