The Role Of Stimulation Model, Parenting, Social Support, And Local Culture In Toddler Development

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that 52.9 million children around the age of five suffer from some form of developmental disability. Out of these youngsters, 54% are males, and 95% of them come from homes with low- and middle-income. The prevalence of developmental anomalies in children under the age of 5 in Indonesia was 7,512.6 per 100,000 population in 2016, as reported by the World Health Organization (WHO). This figure is equivalent to 7.51%. The available evidence on the incidence rate of general developmental delay is ambiguous. However, it is estimated that around 1-3% of children under the age of 5 experience a general developmental delay. (IDAI, 2013). The 2021 Early Child Care Development report by UNICEF indicates that a substantial 88% of children in Indonesia are experiencing developmental delays. Among those cases, 32 percent encountered malnutrition and stunting. This investigation is anticipated to employ quantitative methods to achieve a comprehensive understanding of the research questions through a cross-sectional design in the Taman District of Sidoarjo East Java, Indonesia. The population consists of 919 parents who have infants aged three to five. The method of data collection employed was simple random sampling among a total of 271 respondents. Data obtained from Dimensions and Parenting Styles A questionnaire designed to assess the parenting approach and a Social Support Questionnaire used to evaluate social support from different sources. The Self-reported Utilization of Healthcare Services score is used as a metric to assess an individual's health-seeking behavior. Cultural value a scale for the examination of Traditionalism-Modernity, Collectivism, and Religious Commitment. Evaluate the model fit using the GFI value of 0.96. In order to generate it, the model must contain good pathway models.