ANESTHETIC MANAGEMENT IN A CASE OF POST-SURGICAL GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) is an acute demyelinating polyneuropathy characterized by ascending motor weakness and sensory and autonomic dysfunction. Anesthesia management in patients with GBS, especially post-surgical, poses challenges due to potential neuromuscular impairments and respiratory complications. This case report discusses the anesthetic considerations in a post-surgical GBS patient.

Case Presentation: A 62-year-old female, a known case of hypertension and diabetes mellitus, presented with wound gaping at the surgical site two months after undergoing Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) for a right femur fracture. One-month post-surgery, she developed lower limb weakness, followed by upper limb weakness, and was diagnosed with GBS (Acute Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyneuropathy variant) and managed with Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG). The patient underwent wound closure under regional anesthesia.

Conclusion: GBS poses significant anesthetic challenges, particularly concerning respiratory management and sensitivity to local anesthetics. Careful anesthetic planning, including monitoring neuromuscular function and adjusting local anesthetic dosages, is crucial in managing such cases.