A Study on the Interplay of Abnormal Serum Hepatic Enzymes, Lipid Levels, and Glycemic Control in the Young South Indian Diabetics.

Abstract

Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disorder caused by insufficient insulin production or ineffective insulin use, leading to hyperglycemia. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between abnormal serum hepatic enzymes, lipid levels, and glycemic control in young South Indian diabetics (20-40 years). A total of 191 participants were included in the study, with 107 males (56%) and 84 females (44%). HbA1c levels >6.5% were measured using the immunoturbidimetric method on the Mindray BS-600 machine. In addition to glycemic control, liver enzymes such as Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), albumin, and lipid profiles including total cholesterol, HDL, and LDL levels were also measured to assess metabolic disturbances in these young diabetic individuals. In this study, HbA1c values for males aged 21-30 and 31-40 were 9.46 ± 2.15 and 9.24 ± 1.87, respectively, while for females, they were 9.94 ± 2.48 and 8.99 ± 1.71. Liver markers like AST (p = 0.11), ALT (p = -0.01), and GGT (p = 0.03) showed weak or negligible correlations with HbA1c. In contrast, Total Cholesterol (p = 0.55) and LDL (p = 0.50) showed moderate positive correlations with HbA1c, indicating significant cardiovascular risks (p < 0.05). Triglycerides (p = 0.007) and HDL (p = 0.29) showed weak correlations.

 To conclude, the study highlighted a significant relationship between HbA1c and lipid markers, with moderate positive correlations to Total Cholesterol and LDL, indicating cardiovascular risk. However, correlations with liver markers (AST, ALT, GGT, albumin) were weak or negligible. Future research should have focused on liver dysfunction and lipid imbalances in diabetes.