Correlation Between Forward Head Posture And Myogenic Temporomandibular Disorder In Addicted Smartphone Users

Abstract

Background. Forward head posture (FHP) is common in patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMDs); however, its relationship with pressure pain threshold (PPT) and muscle endurance of masticatory and neck muscles in heavy smartphone users required additional research.

Purpose. The purpose of this study iso investigate the correlation between i) FHP and PPT of masticatory and neck extensor muscles and ii) FHP and muscle endurance of masticatory and neck extensor muscles in addicted smartphone users with and without myogenic TMDs.

Methods. 46 subjects (33 females and 13 males) were divided into 2 groups, Group A: 23 subjects with myogenic TMDs and Group B: 23 subjects without myogenic TMDs based on the presence of trigger points in masticatory and neck muscles according to the myofascial diagnostic criteria and on their smartphone use measured by smartphone addiction scale short version (SAS-SV). FHP was assessed by the craniocervical angle (CVA) and PPT for trigger points of the aforementioned muscles was evaluated using a pressure algometer and muscle endurance was assessed by bite endurance and craniocervical extension tests (CEET).

Results. There was no correlation between FHP and PPT of masticatory and neck extensor muscles in both groups. In addition, no correlation was observed between FHP and bite and neck endurance in both groups.

Conclusion. In the population of heavy smartphone users, no relationships were observed in patients with and without myogenic TMDs between FHP and PPT and masticatory and neck muscle endurance. Therefore, a longitudinal study to assess these variables and their correlation along specific times with variable posture of mobile phone use in the future may be recommended.

Study registration. The protocol registration number at clinicaltrials.gov is NCT06065826.­