Surgical Prospects On Cervical Tuberculous Lymphdadenitis: A Retrospective Study

Abstract

Tuberculosis remains a significant public health concern, particularly in India, where extrapulmonary tuberculosis cases are on the rise. Cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis (TBL) is one of the most common extrapulmonary manifestations of tuberculosis. While medical treatment is the cornerstone of TBL management, surgery is indicated in specific clinical scenarios, such as drug-resistant cases, long-standing TBL, and asymptomatic cervical lymphadenopathy. This case series highlights the importance of early diagnosis and surgical intervention in these specific scenarios. We conducted a retrospective study of 36 patients with cervical lymphadenitis. Surgical intervention was performed in 13 patients, including those with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, long-term TBL, and asymptomatic cases. Histopathological examination and/or CBNAAT confirmed tuberculosis in all asymptomatic cases. Our findings suggest that surgical intervention plays a crucial role in the diagnosis and management of TBL, particularly in challenging cases. A multidisciplinary approach involving infectious disease specialists, surgeons, and pathologists is essential to ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment. Surgical intervention, when combined with antituberculosis therapy, can effectively treat TBL, minimize complications, and improve patient outcomes.