PCL Retaining vs. PCL Sacrificing in Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Study on Functional Results

Abstract

Background: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common procedure for joint replacement, with controversy surrounding the retention or sacrifice of the Posterior Cruciate Ligament (PCL). The study aimed to prospectively compare functional outcomes in patients undergoing TKA with PCL retention versus sacrifice.

Methods: A prospective study was conducted from June 2022 to August 2023, involving 20 knees in 19 patients. Functional outcomes were evaluated using Knee Society Knee Score, Functional Knee Score, and WOMAC questionnaire. Preoperative and postoperative assessments were conducted, and statistical analysis was performed using IBM SPSS Version 22.0.Postoperative follow-up was conducted on a monthly basis for the first three months.

Results: The study included 10 males and 9 females, with mean ages of 62.13 years and 55.65 years, respectively. Patients underwent TKA due to osteoarthritis, with a mean BMI within the normal range. Preoperative assessments showed varus deformity in all cases. Significant improvements were observed in knee scores, functional knee scores, and pain relief in both groups. However, the PCL sacrificing group demonstrated superior outcomes across various parameters, including knee scores, pain relief, and stair climbing.

Conclusion: Both PCL retaining and sacrificing procedures led to significant improvements in functional outcomes and pain relief. However, statistical analysis favoured the PCL sacrificing group, indicating superior outcomes in terms of pain relief and functional performance. Sacrificing the PCL may contribute to better functional outcomes and pain relief in TKA. Further research with larger cohorts and extended follow-up periods is recommended for validation.