Blockchain Privacy through Zero-Knowledge Proofs: A Survey of Techniques and Use Cases

Abstract

Abstract- Zero-knowledge proofs (ZKPs) offer a way to validate statements without revealing any additional information. This survey explores the integration of ZKPs into blockchain technology, highlighting their potential to enhance security and privacy. Fundamental concepts of ZKPs, including interactive and non-interactive types, such as zk-SNARKs and zk-STARKs, are discussed. Applications in blockchain are examined, including privacy-preserving transactions, identity verification, and secure smart contracts. The literature review highlights notable advantages, such as enhanced privacy and enhanced security, along with challenges like computational overhead, implementation complexity, and regulatory concerns. Future directions emphasize the need for optimized protocols, standardization, and advancements in cryptographic techniques. This analysis offers a comprehensive insight into the present landscape of ZKP research in blockchain, Offering perspectives on potential avenues for future innovation and widespread adoption.