Optimizing Doxorubicin Efficiency in Breast Cancer Treatment through Chitosan Modified Nanoparticles for Target Drug Delivery

Abstract

Background: The field of biomedical research has been searching for novel platforms for therapeutic and diagnostic uses for a long time. The most recent is the use of nanomaterials, which gave birth to the field of nanomedicine.

Methodology: Chitosan/alginate nanoparticles are a unique drug delivery system that target the tumor location by maintaining a pH-dependent drug delivery. Chitosan/alginate is a natural, pH-sensitive, biodegradable, biocompatible, and bioadhesive polymer that is very valuable among other materials. Using a water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion method, alginate/chitosan of varying sizes electrostatically complexes to generate doxorubicin (DOX)- loaded nanoparticles (~80 nm) with remarkable homogeneity and spherical shape. Doxorubicin, an anti-cancer drug, was loaded onto chitosan/alginate nanoparticles and described. The loading of doxorubicin was verified using TEM and FTIR. The murin 4T1 breast cancer cell's viability and cell dead/dead state, as well as drug loading and release properties, were studied.

Results: Doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles' ideal loading efficiency, stability, and release profiles were identified. Following a 72-hour treatment period, cell viability was determined, and the IC50 values for free and encapsulated DOX were 0.13 and 0.15 μg/mL, respectively. While the nanoparticles are quite stable at pH 7.4, the alginate/chitosan NPs discharged the majority of the doxorubicin at pH 5.5.

Conclusion: These nanocarriers are a viable platform for the delivery of water soluble medicines because of their good performance, physiochemical features, and ease of manufacture.