Impact of Hormonal Imbalance and Cytokines Inflammatory Response on Leukemia Inhibitory Factor Gene (LIF) Dysregulation in Endometriosis Pathogenesis

Abstract

 INTRODUCTION: The development of endometrial glands in extrauterine locations, primarily in the female pelvis, is referred to as "endometriosis." Its occurrence in the general female population is 6–10%; however, among those who are in pain or are infertile, it can reach 35–60%. While the exact cause of endometriosis is unknown, immunological, hormonal, genetic, and environmental factors are most likely involved. Understanding the genetic, hormonal, and immunological components is important for enhancing diagnostic accuracy and treatment efficacy.

METHODS: In 160 patients aged 21 to 45, a case-control study was conducted that included blood collection, immunological serum analysis, RNA isolation for cDNA synthesis, and LIF gene expression.

RESULT: The function of chronic inflammation was suggested by the higher levels of and IL-6 seen in endometriosis-affected women in this research. Women with endometriosis showed dysregulated ovarian activity, as evidenced by greater FSH and decreased AMH levels in comparison to controls. The test group's LIF gene downregulation may have contributed to the development of endometriosis.

CONCLUSION:

The findings of this study highlight the multifaceted nature of endometriosis, involving genetic, inflammatory, and hormonal factors. The downregulation of the LIF gene and the associated increase in inflammatory markers may serve as potential biomarkers for the disease and provide opportunities for early diagnosis and targeted therapy. The hormonal alterations observed further complicate the clinical conditions of endometriosis, suggesting that treatment strategies like, endocrine and immunological aspects of the diseases.